A company has more than 5 TB of file data on on-premises Windows file servers that are accessed daily by users and applications. The company is migrating Windows workloads to AWS and needs access to both AWS and on-premises file storage with minimal latency, minimal operational overhead, and no major changes to existing file access patterns. Connectivity uses an AWS Site-to-Site VPN. What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

The correct solution uses Amazon FSx for Windows File Server in AWS for cloud workloads and an Amazon FSx File Gateway on-premises for on-premises workloads. This approach provides shared access to the same underlying FSx for Windows File Server data from both environments, maintaining native Windows file system compatibility (SMB protocol) and minimizing changes to access patterns. The FSx File Gateway caches frequently accessed data locally, ensuring low latency for on-premises users. Option 1 is incorrect because it requires moving all data to AWS and reconfiguring all on-premises workloads, which doesn't meet the requirement for access from both AWS and on-premises with minimal changes. Options 2 and 3 are incorrect because S3 File Gateway presents S3 as a file share, which might not offer the full native Windows file system features (like NTFS permissions) required for some Windows workloads, and it's not optimized for shared access between on-premises and cloud in the same way FSx for Windows File Server is.