A company plans to migrate critical workloads to EC2 over a new 10 Gbps Direct Connect connection that terminates on a VPC attached to a transit gateway. The migration requires encrypted paths between the on-premises data center and AWS and must provide the HIGHEST throughput. Which configuration meets these requirements?

The correct option leverages MACsec for encryption over the Direct Connect connection, providing line-rate encryption without throughput degradation, which is crucial for the highest throughput requirement. A transit virtual interface (VIF) connected to a Direct Connect gateway, which is then associated with the transit gateway, allows for private, high-bandwidth connectivity to multiple VPCs. Creating a public VIF and an AWS Site-to-Site VPN would route encrypted traffic over the public internet, introducing latency and potential throughput limitations. Configuring an IPsec VPN to an EC2 instance would limit throughput to the instance's network capabilities and add management overhead. While using two Site-to-Site VPNs with ECMP can increase throughput, it still relies on public internet routing and VPN overhead, which is less performant than MACsec over a private Direct Connect.