A development team must rapidly provision and de-provision virtual machines and databases for short-lived testing. Which cloud computing benefit best supports their ability to respond quickly?

Agility is the ability to rapidly provision and de-provision resources, scale services up or down, and quickly adapt to changing demands. This directly supports the development team's need for fast deployment and removal of VMs and databases for testing. High Availability ensures continuous operation, which isn't the primary concern for short-lived test environments. Vertical Scaling involves increasing the resources of an existing server, not the rapid creation and deletion of multiple instances. Disaster Recovery focuses on restoring operations after a major incident, which is also not the core requirement here.