A legacy application runs on a single Amazon EC2 instance and uses a hardcoded IAM access key to access the Amazon S3 bucket DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET1 in the same AWS account. The key has s3:GetObject permission only for this bucket. The application has been taken offline for noncompliant access practices. AWS CloudTrail is enabled in all Regions and delivers logs to the S3 bucket DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET2 (same account). CloudTrail is not configured to deliver to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. The company needs to determine whether any objects in DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET1 were accessed with that access key in the last 60 days and, if so, whether any of the accessed .txt files contained PII. Which combination of actions should the security engineer take? (Choose two.)

The correct actions are to use Amazon Athena and Amazon Macie. Amazon Athena can query the CloudTrail logs stored in DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET2. CloudTrail logs record API calls, including GetObject requests, the access key used, and the S3 bucket and object accessed. Athena's SQL-like queries can filter these logs for the specific access key, bucket (DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET1), and time frame (last 60 days) to identify all accessed objects. Amazon Macie is designed to discover, classify, and report on sensitive data, including PII, in S3 buckets. By configuring Macie on DOC-EXAMPLE-BUCKET1, it can analyze the content of .txt files to determine if they contain PII. Using CloudWatch Logs Insights is incorrect because CloudTrail logs are not delivered to CloudWatch Logs in this scenario. Amazon OpenSearch Service could be used for log analysis, but Athena is a more direct and cost-effective solution for ad-hoc queries on S3-resident CloudTrail logs. IAM Access Analyzer is for identifying resource access paths and permissions, not for querying historical access events or content analysis.