A serverless application uses AWS Lambda and DynamoDB. New functionality requires Lambda functions to access an Amazon Neptune DB cluster located across three subnets in a VPC. Which solutions will allow the Lambda functions to access both the Neptune cluster and DynamoDB? (Choose two.)

The first correct option allows Lambda functions to access the Neptune cluster within the VPC and DynamoDB (a public AWS service) via a NAT Gateway. Lambda functions in private subnets cannot directly access public internet services without a NAT Gateway. The second correct option also places Lambda functions in private subnets for Neptune access. It then uses a VPC endpoint for DynamoDB, ensuring secure and private access to DynamoDB without requiring a NAT Gateway for that specific service. The incorrect options are problematic. Hosting Lambda functions in public subnets is generally not recommended for security reasons and doesn't align with best practices for database access. Running Lambda functions outside the VPC and allowing access from their IP ranges is not feasible because Lambda's IP ranges are dynamic and not publicly documented. Creating a VPC endpoint for Neptune is not a valid solution for Lambda functions running outside the VPC, as Neptune is a VPC-bound service.