The ____________ is the browser's representation of the page's styles.

The browser builds the CSSOM as the structured representation of the page’s CSS rules and computed style information. HubSpot’s performance documentation identifies the DOM and CSSOM as separate models that JavaScript can manipulate during page rendering. That distinction matters because the DOM represents document content, while the CSSOM represents styles. The browser uses that style model as part of the rendering process before producing the final visual result. HubSpot Developers