If a switch port receives a new frame while it is transmitting a previous frame, how are the frames handled?

When a switch port is actively transmitting a frame, it cannot simultaneously transmit another. Network devices like switches use buffering to manage incoming data. If a new frame arrives while the port is busy, the switch places the new frame into a transmit queue (buffer). Once the current transmission is complete, the switch retrieves the next frame from the queue and sends it. This queuing mechanism prevents frame loss and ensures orderly data flow. Dropping frames (options 1 and 2) would lead to inefficiency and require retransmissions, which switches aim to avoid. Simultaneous transmission (option 4) is not possible on a single port due to the serial nature of Ethernet.