Infrastructure engineers must automate deployment of Application Load Balancer components with the AWS CDK so that stacks are reusable and consistent across multiple environments, Regions, and accounts. The target accounts are bootstrapped and core network components (VPCs and private Route 53 zones) already exist. Which combination of steps minimizes manual effort when deploying the ALB components across environments and Regions? (Choose two.)

The first correct option minimizes manual effort by allowing the CDK application to dynamically adapt to different environments and Regions. Reading environment variables at runtime and passing them as properties to the stack ensures that the same CDK code can be deployed without modification, with environment-specific values provided externally. Using CDK context methods is a standard way to retrieve these values within the stack. The second correct option, deploying a CDK pipeline into a dedicated account with stages for different environments and Regions, automates the deployment process, ensuring consistency and reducing manual intervention for each deployment. The incorrect option about CloudFormation parameters is less flexible than environment variables for CDK applications, as CDK constructs are designed to handle environment-specific configurations more natively. A script for deployment is less robust and scalable than a dedicated CDK pipeline. Using the CDK toolkit locally with the --context flag for each deployment is a manual process that does not scale well across multiple environments and Regions.