The admin must monitor free disk space on EBS volumes attached to Windows EC2 instances and receive email alerts before low storage impacts performance. What should the admin implement?

The correct solution involves installing and configuring the Amazon CloudWatch agent because built-in CloudWatch metrics for EC2 instances do not include detailed operating system-level metrics like free disk space. The CloudWatch agent collects these custom metrics from the Windows EC2 instances and publishes them to CloudWatch. Once these metrics are available, CloudWatch alarms can be created to monitor specific thresholds (e.g., low disk space) and trigger notifications via an Amazon SNS email topic. Relying on built-in CloudWatch metrics is insufficient as they only provide basic host-level metrics, not disk usage within the OS. AWS CloudTrail records API activity and is not designed for monitoring real-time performance metrics like disk space. AWS Trusted Advisor provides recommendations and checks for cost optimization, security, and performance, but it doesn't offer real-time, granular disk space monitoring and alerting for individual EC2 instances.