When EAP-TLS session resumption is disabled, which step immediately follows receipt of the EAP Success message?

When EAP-TLS session resumption is disabled, the EAP Success message indicates successful authentication. Immediately following this, the EAPOL-key frame exchange (the four-way handshake) begins. This handshake is crucial for deriving and distributing the Pairwise Master Key (PMK) and Group Master Key (GMK) between the supplicant (client) and the authenticator (AP), which are then used to encrypt the wireless traffic. PMKID caching is a mechanism for faster re-authentication, which is not directly initiated by the EAP Success message itself but rather a result of a successful authentication that could lead to caching for future connections. 802.1X authentication is the overarching framework, not a specific step immediately following EAP Success. The four-way handshake is the process that uses EAPOL-key frames; the EAPOL-key frame is the actual message type exchanged to initiate this process.