Which attack floods a TCP port with SYN packets to exhaust the target's half-open connection resources?

A SYN flood attack exploits the TCP three-way handshake by sending a high volume of SYN (synchronize) packets to a target server. The server responds with SYN-ACK packets and allocates resources for the expected ACK (acknowledgment) from the client. However, the attacker never sends the final ACK, leaving the connections in a half-open state. This exhausts the server's connection table and prevents legitimate users from establishing new connections. Reflection and amplification attacks involve using intermediary systems to magnify attack traffic, but don't specifically target half-open TCP connections. A teardrop attack exploits vulnerabilities in IP fragmentation, not TCP connection states.