Which AWS component enables incoming internet traffic to reach resources inside a VPC?

An Internet Gateway (IGW) is a horizontally scaled, redundant, and highly available VPC component that allows communication between instances in your VPC and the internet. It acts as a target for route tables for internet-routable traffic and performs network address translation (NAT) for instances that have public IPv4 addresses. A NAT Gateway allows instances in a private subnet to connect to the internet or other AWS services, but prevents the internet from initiating a connection with those instances. AWS WAF (Web Application Firewall) helps protect web applications from common web exploits. VPC peering connects two VPCs so that they can communicate as if they are within the same network.