Which AWS service manages access permissions to AWS resources by using policies?

AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) is the correct answer because it is the service specifically designed to manage access to AWS services and resources securely. IAM allows you to create and manage AWS users and groups, and use permissions to allow and deny their access to AWS resources. Policies, written in JSON, define these permissions. Amazon Inspector is an automated security assessment service that helps improve the security and compliance of applications deployed on AWS. Amazon Detective is a security service that automatically collects log data from your AWS resources and uses machine learning, statistical analysis, and graph theory to build a linked set of data that enables easier and faster security investigations. Amazon GuardDuty is a threat detection service that continuously monitors your AWS accounts and workloads for malicious activity and unauthorized behavior. These services are for security monitoring and analysis, not for managing access permissions.