Which behavior describes traffic shaping?

Traffic shaping buffers excess packets that exceed a configured rate, queuing them for later transmission rather than dropping them immediately. This smooths out traffic bursts, ensuring a more consistent flow and preventing congestion. When the buffer fills, subsequent packets are then dropped. Dropping out-of-profile packets describes traffic policing, not shaping. While packet drops can lead to TCP retransmissions, this is a consequence of dropping, not the defining characteristic of shaping itself. Traffic shaping is typically applied to egress traffic, as shaping ingress traffic would require the upstream device to cooperate, which is generally not feasible.