Which of the following user-interaction signals has the strongest correlation with rankings?

Time on page and engagement rate are strong indicators of user satisfaction and content relevance. When users spend more time on a page or actively engage with its content (e.g., scrolling, clicking internal links), it signals to search engines that the page is valuable and meets user intent, thus positively influencing rankings. While bounce rate, pages per visit, and click-through rate from search are also important signals, they are often secondary or can be misleading in isolation. A high click-through rate with a low time on page, for example, might indicate a misleading title. Similarly, a low bounce rate isn't always positive if users aren't engaging with the content. Engagement rate, encompassing various interactions, provides a more holistic view of user satisfaction.