Which QoS technique buffers excess packets and schedules them for later transmission when configured bandwidth is exceeded?

Traffic shaping buffers excess packets and then transmits them later, smoothing out the traffic flow to prevent congestion and ensure that the configured bandwidth limits are not exceeded. This technique introduces latency but provides a more controlled and predictable traffic pattern. Traffic policing, conversely, drops or re-marks packets that exceed the configured rate, rather than buffering them. Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) is a congestion avoidance mechanism that selectively drops packets before a queue is full to prevent tail drops, but it doesn't buffer and reschedule. Traffic prioritization assigns different levels of importance to packets but doesn't inherently buffer and reshape traffic flow.