Which service provides a private, high-throughput connection between an on-premises data center and Azure?

Azure ExpressRoute provides a private, dedicated, high-bandwidth connection between your on-premises infrastructure and Azure data centers. This connection offers higher reliability, faster speeds, lower latency, and enhanced security compared to typical internet-based connections. Azure VPN Gateway, while providing a secure connection, uses the public internet and typically offers lower throughput than ExpressRoute. Azure Application Gateway is a web traffic load balancer that enables you to manage traffic to your web applications, not a direct network connectivity service. Azure Bastion provides secure and seamless RDP/SSH access to your virtual machines directly through the Azure portal, without requiring public IP addresses on the VMs, and is not for connecting on-premises data centers to Azure.