Which two technologies provide MPLS fast protection / bandwidth-preserving backup for slow-response failures? (Choose two.)

IP LFA (Loop-Free Alternate) and Fast-Reroute are both mechanisms designed to provide fast protection and bandwidth-preserving backup in MPLS networks, particularly for slow-response failures. IP LFA pre-calculates an alternate loop-free path to a destination, allowing for immediate traffic redirection upon a failure detection, often within tens of milliseconds. Fast-Reroute (FRR) is a broader term that encompasses various MPLS traffic engineering (TE) mechanisms, including one-to-one backup and many-to-one backup, which pre-establish backup paths to protect MPLS TE tunnels. Both aim to minimize packet loss during network failures by providing rapid recovery. MPLS OAM (Operations, Administration, and Maintenance) is for fault detection and performance monitoring, not fast rerouting. VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Service) is a Layer 2 VPN technology. SD-MPLS is not a standard or recognized MPLS technology for fast protection.