Which VXLAN construct provides segmentation for Layer 2 and Layer 3 traffic?

A VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier) is a 24-bit identifier that uniquely identifies a specific VXLAN segment, providing segmentation for both Layer 2 and Layer 3 traffic. This allows for up to 16 million unique segments, far exceeding the 4096 limit of traditional VLANs. Each VNI acts as a logical network overlay, isolating traffic from other VNIs. While a bridge domain is a logical construct within a switch that groups interfaces and VNIs, it doesn't provide the segmentation itself. A VLAN provides Layer 2 segmentation but is limited in scale and doesn't inherently provide Layer 3 segmentation across different routing instances. A VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) provides Layer 3 segmentation by creating multiple independent routing tables, but it's a routing construct, not the primary segmentation mechanism within VXLAN itself.