While preparing a business case for a nonprofit project and justifying cost to sponsors, which benefits realization metric should the project manager use?

Total Value of Ownership (TVO) is the most appropriate metric because it encompasses both the financial and non-financial benefits a project delivers, which is crucial for a nonprofit. Nonprofits often prioritize social impact, community engagement, and long-term sustainability over purely financial gains. TVO allows for the quantification of these broader benefits, which might include improved public perception, increased volunteer engagement, or enhanced service delivery, alongside cost savings. Budget at Completion (BAC) is a measure of the total planned cost of the project and does not assess benefits. Payback period focuses solely on the time it takes to recoup initial investment, neglecting ongoing benefits or non-financial returns. Return on Investment (ROI) is primarily a financial metric that measures the profitability of an investment, which may not fully capture the mission-driven value of a nonprofit project.